Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) are essential in modern vehicles. They help drivers maintain the correct tire pressure, improving safety, fuel efficiency, and lifespan. However, many drivers don’t fully understand how TPMS works or what to do when the warning light comes on. This guide will explain TPMS, its benefits, common issues, and how to troubleshoot problems.
What Is TPMS and How Does It Work?
TPMS is a system that monitors tire pressure and alerts drivers if it falls below the recommended level. The system uses sensors to detect air pressure and relays this information to the vehicle’s dashboard. When tire pressure is too low, a warning light appears, allowing the driver to take action before a potential blowout or tire damage occurs.
There are two types of TPMS:
- Direct TPMS: Uses pressure sensors inside each tire to measure air pressure in real-time. This data is sent to the vehicle’s computer, triggering an alert if the pressure is too low.
- Indirect TPMS: This system works with the vehicle’s anti-lock braking system (ABS) to measure wheel speed. If an underinflated tire rotates at a different speed than properly inflated tires, the system triggers a warning.
Both types of TPMS help drivers maintain proper tire pressure, but direct TPMS provides more accurate readings.
Why We Need TPMS
Maintaining correct tire pressure is crucial for several reasons:
- Improved Safety: Underinflated tires increase the risk of blowouts and reduce traction, especially in wet or icy conditions.
- Better Fuel Efficiency: Tires with low air pressure create more rolling resistance, making the engine work harder and increasing fuel consumption.
- Extended Tire Life: Properly inflated tires wear evenly, preventing premature tread wear and saving money on replacements.
- Environmental Benefits: Improved fuel efficiency reduces carbon emissions, making TPMS an eco-friendly feature.
Because TPMS alerts drivers to pressure issues, it ensures that tires stay in optimal condition, reducing the risk of accidents and unexpected tire failures.
Common TPMS Problems and Troubleshooting Tips
While TPMS is an effective system, it can experience issues that may cause false alarms or sensor malfunctions. Here are some common problems and how to address them:
- Low Battery in TPMS Sensors: Direct TPMS sensors are battery-powered and typically last 5-10 years. When a sensor’s battery dies, it may trigger a warning light. Replacing the sensor resolves the issue.
- Faulty or Damaged Sensors: Sensors can fail due to corrosion, impact damage, or exposure to extreme weather. If a sensor stops transmitting data, it needs to be replaced.
- Seasonal Temperature Changes: Cold weather can temporarily lower tire pressure, triggering the TPMS light. Check and adjust tire pressure as needed when temperatures drop.
- Incorrect Tire Rotation or Replacement: If tires are rotated incorrectly or new tires do not have compatible sensors, the TPMS system may not function properly. Always make sure that sensors are correctly calibrated after tire changes.
If the TPMS warning light comes on, check your tire pressure manually with a gauge. Inflate any low tires to the recommended level. The system may need recalibration or a sensor replacement if the light remains on despite the correct pressure.
When to Seek Professional Help
Some TPMS issues require professional assistance. If your TPMS light remains on after inflating your tires or if sensors repeatedly fail, a mechanic can diagnose and repair the problem. In some cases, resetting the TPMS system using a vehicle’s onboard diagnostic tool may be necessary.
When is it Time to Buy New Tires?
TPMS alerts can indicate when tire replacements are necessary. If the TPMS light frequently turns on even after adjusting tire pressure, it may be a sign of worn-out tires. Visible tread wear, sidewall cracks, or difficulty maintaining air pressure strongly indicate that new tires are needed. Drivers should also check their tires for bulges, uneven wear patterns, or embedded debris. New tires can strain one’s budget, but fortunately, many retailers offer wheel financing solutions. Using wheel financing options ensures drivers can keep their vehicles safe without immediate financial strain. Investing in proper tire maintenance now keeps you safe, preventing larger expenses down the road, such as damage from driving underinflated tires.